Bible Study · Major Prophets

The Book of Isaiah

Isaiah is the towering prophet of the Old Testament, often called the fifth Gospel because it points so clearly to Christ. Writing to a Judah drifting toward judgment, Isaiah confronts the people with the blazing holiness of the Holy One of Israel, exposing their pride, idolatry, and empty religion. Yet the same God who thunders against sin also speaks tenderly: he promises Immanuel, a child on whose shoulders the government will rest, a righteous Branch from the stump of Jesse, and a Servant pierced for our transgressions. From the courtroom of chapter 1 to the new heavens and new earth of chapter 66, Isaiah weaves judgment and salvation into one breathtaking vision of a God who humbles the proud, comforts the broken, and saves a people for his own glory.

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Whole-Book Overview

Isaiah unveils the holiness and salvation of the Holy One of Israel, moving from judgment on Judah and the nations, through the comfort of the incomparable God and his Suffering Servant, to the glory of a renewed creation.

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Chapter 1

The Great Courtroom Indictment

God summons heaven and earth as witnesses against his rebellious people, yet pleads with them to come and reason, offering to make scarlet sins white as snow.

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Chapter 2

The Mountain and the Humbled

Isaiah sees the LORD's mountain exalted above all and the nations streaming to it, then warns that the day of the LORD will bring every proud thing low.

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Chapter 3

When Leaders Fail

God strips away Judah's leaders and securities, exposing rulers who devour the poor and a complacent people heading toward ruin.

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Chapter 4

The Branch and Cleansed Zion

After judgment, the LORD's branch is beautiful and glorious, and a cleansed remnant dwells under God's sheltering presence in a renewed Zion.

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Chapter 5

The Song of the Vineyard

God sings a love song over his vineyard that yielded only wild grapes, then pronounces a series of woes on a people who have rejected his word.

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Chapter 6

Holy, Holy, Holy

Isaiah sees the LORD high and lifted up, is undone by his holiness, cleansed by a live coal, and sent with a hard and humbling message.

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Chapter 7

The Sign of Immanuel

As enemy kings threaten Jerusalem, God offers faithless Ahaz a sign, promising a child called Immanuel, God with us.

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Chapter 8

God With Us

Isaiah names his son for swift judgment on Judah's enemies, warns against fear and false guidance, and clings to the LORD as sanctuary.

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Chapter 9

For to Us a Child

On those walking in darkness a great light dawns, for a child is born whose government and peace will never end, the Prince of Peace.

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Chapter 10

Woe to the Rod

God wields proud Assyria as the rod of his anger, then judges the axe that boasted against the hand, while a remnant returns to the mighty God.

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Chapter 11

The Shoot From Jesse

From the cut-down stump of Jesse a Spirit-filled King arises, judging with righteousness and ushering in a kingdom where the wolf lies down with the lamb.

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Chapter 12

A Song of Salvation

The redeemed sing in that day, thanking God whose anger has turned away, trusting him as their strength, and proclaiming his name to the nations.

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Chapter 13

The Burden of Babylon

Isaiah announces the day of the LORD against proud Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, which God will overthrow like Sodom and leave forever desolate.

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Chapter 14

The Fall of the King

God promises rest to his people and takes up a taunt against the proud king of Babylon, whose self-exalting heart is cast down to the depths.

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Chapter 15

A Lament Over Moab

In a single night Moab's cities are laid waste, and even the prophet's heart cries out over a proud neighbor reduced to weeping and ruin.

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Chapter 16

A Throne in Loving Kindness

Moab is urged to seek refuge in Zion, but its pride refuses, even as the oracle glimpses a throne of steadfast love in the tent of David.

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Chapter 17

When Strong Cities Fail

Damascus and Ephraim's glory will fade like a fading harvest, but in that day people will at last look to their Maker rather than the work of their hands.

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Chapter 18

The Watching God

While a distant land sends frantic ambassadors, the Lord declares that he will quietly watch from his dwelling until the time is ripe to act.

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Chapter 19

Egypt Will Know the Lord

The Lord shakes Egypt's idols and wisdom to nothing, yet promises a stunning day when Egypt, Assyria, and Israel worship him together.

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Chapter 20

A Sign Walked Barefoot

Isaiah walks stripped and barefoot for three years as a living sign that trusting Egypt and Cush for rescue will end in shame.

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Chapter 21

Fallen, Fallen Is Babylon

A watchman strains through the night for a grievous vision, until the cry rings out that mighty Babylon has fallen, with brief words for Edom and Arabia.

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Chapter 22

The Valley of Vision

Jerusalem feasts and fortifies in crisis but will not look to her Maker, while a self-serving steward is replaced by a faithful servant given the key of David.

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Chapter 23

The Pride of Tyre

The wealthy merchant city of Tyre is brought low, for the Lord has purposed to stain the pride of all human glory and humble the honored of the earth.

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Chapter 24

The Earth Laid Waste

The Lord empties and judges the whole earth for breaking the everlasting covenant, until joy fails, the city of chaos lies in ruins, and the Lord reigns on Zion.

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Chapter 25

He Will Swallow Up Death

On his mountain the Lord spreads a feast for all peoples, swallows up death forever, and wipes away the tears from every face.

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Chapter 26

Perfect Peace

A song of the strong city celebrates the steadfast mind kept in perfect peace, the everlasting Rock, and the dead who will rise to sing.

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Chapter 27

The Lord's Vineyard Restored

On that day the Lord sings over his pleasant vineyard, watering and guarding it, until Jacob takes root and Israel fills the world with fruit.

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Chapter 28

The Precious Cornerstone in Zion

Against the proud drunkards of Ephraim and the scoffers of Jerusalem, God lays in Zion a tried and precious cornerstone for all who believe.

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Chapter 29

Lips That Honor From Afar

God lays siege to Ariel, exposes worship that is all lips and no heart, and promises a day when the deaf hear and the blind see.

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Chapter 30

Salvation in Quietness and Trust

Woe to those who run to Egypt for help; their strength is to wait for the gracious God who longs to be merciful to them.

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Chapter 31

Look to the Holy One

Woe to those who lean on Egypt's horses and chariots, for the Lord of Armies himself will hover over Jerusalem to protect and deliver it.

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Chapter 32

A King Will Reign in Righteousness

A coming king and his princes will rule in justice, and when the Spirit is poured out from on high, the wilderness becomes a peaceful, fruitful field.

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Chapter 33

The Lord Our Judge and King

When the destroyer is destroyed, the Lord arises exalted in Zion as judge, lawgiver, and king, and his people behold the King in his beauty.

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Chapter 34

The Day of the Lord's Vengeance

The nations and especially Edom are summoned to hear of God's sword of judgment, a day of vengeance for the cause of Zion.

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Chapter 35

The Ransomed Return With Singing

The desert blossoms, weak hands are strengthened, and the redeemed walk a Holy Way home to Zion with everlasting joy on their heads.

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Chapter 36

Sennacherib's Threat at the Wall

Assyria's field commander mocks Hezekiah's trust in the Lord, taunting Jerusalem to surrender and abandon its God.

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Chapter 37

Hezekiah's Prayer and God's Answer

Hezekiah spreads the enemy's threat before the Lord, and God answers, defending Jerusalem and striking the Assyrian army in the night.

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Chapter 38

Hezekiah's Illness and Healing

Mortally ill, Hezekiah weeps and prays; God adds fifteen years to his life and turns back the shadow as a sign.

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Chapter 39

The Envoys From Babylon

Hezekiah proudly shows Babylon's envoys all his treasures, and Isaiah foretells that those treasures and his sons will be carried to Babylon.

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Chapter 40

Comfort My People

A voice cries comfort over a weary people, announcing the coming of God, the frailty of all flesh, and the strength he gives to those who wait.

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Chapter 41

Fear Not, I Am With You

God summons the nations to court, exposes the helplessness of idols, and reassures Israel his servant that he will strengthen, help, and uphold them.

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Chapter 42

A Bruised Reed He Will Not Break

God presents his chosen Servant who brings gentle, faithful justice to the nations, and calls a blind and deaf people back to himself.

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Chapter 43

You Are Mine

God promises to be with his redeemed people through every flood and fire, gathers them from the ends of the earth, and blots out their sins for his own sake.

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Chapter 44

There Is No Other Rock

God pours out his Spirit on his servant, mocks the folly of idol-making, and proclaims himself Israel’s Redeemer who blots out sin like a cloud.

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Chapter 45

The LORD’s Anointed Instrument

God names Cyrus as his anointed to free his people, asserts that he alone is God, and calls all the ends of the earth to look to him and be saved.

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Chapter 46

The God Who Carries

Babylon’s idols must be hauled away as burdens, but the LORD has carried his people from birth and will carry them to the end.

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Chapter 47

The Fall of Babylon

The proud city that showed no mercy is brought down from her throne to the dust, her sorceries and self-confidence powerless to save her.

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Chapter 48

I Am the First and the Last

God reproves his stubborn people for their false worship, refines them for his own name’s sake, and calls them to leave Babylon with singing.

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Chapter 49

A Light to the Nations

The Servant, called from the womb, is given as salvation to the ends of the earth, and Zion is assured she is never forgotten by God.

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Chapter 50

I Set My Face Like Flint

The obedient Servant listens, teaches, and endures striking and shame with unshaken trust, while God invites the faltering to lean on his name.

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Chapter 51

Awake, Awake

God calls his people to look to their origins and his everlasting salvation, then summons both his own arm and weary Jerusalem to awake.

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Chapter 52

How Beautiful Are the Feet

Zion is called to awake and put on beauty as good news of God’s reign rings out, and the exalted yet marred Servant is introduced.

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Chapter 53

The Man of Sorrows

A despised and rejected servant bears our sickness and sin, pierced for our transgressions, that by his wounds we might be healed.

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Chapter 54

The Barren One Sings

The forsaken city is told to enlarge her tent, for her Maker is her husband and his covenant of peace will never be removed.

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Chapter 55

Come, Everyone Who Thirsts

God invites the thirsty and penniless to a free feast of grace, to seek him while he may be found, for his word never returns empty.

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Chapter 56

A House for All Peoples

God welcomes the foreigner and the eunuch who hold fast his covenant, promising a name and a house of prayer for all nations.

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Chapter 57

Peace for the Contrite

God indicts idolatry and faithlessness, yet dwells with the lowly and contrite, healing and giving peace to those near and far.

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Chapter 58

The Fast God Chooses

God exposes empty religion and calls his people to a fast that frees the oppressed, feeds the hungry, and lets their light break forth.

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Chapter 59

The Redeemer Comes to Zion

Sin separates the people from God, and when no one intercedes, God's own arm brings salvation and a Redeemer comes to Zion.

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Chapter 60

Arise, Shine

Light dawns on Zion as God's glory rises; the nations stream to her brightness and the Lord becomes her everlasting light.

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Chapter 61

The Year of the Lord's Favor

Anointed by the Spirit, the herald proclaims good news to the poor and freedom to captives, the very words Jesus claimed as his own.

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Chapter 62

Zion's New Name

God will not rest until Zion's salvation shines; he gives her a new name and sets watchmen to plead until she is a praise in the earth.

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Chapter 63

Mighty to Save

The warrior returns from treading the winepress of judgment, and the prophet recalls God's mercies and pleads for his fatherly return.

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Chapter 64

We Are the Clay

The prophet pleads for God to tear open the heavens and come down, confessing the people's sin and resting in God as Father and potter.

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Chapter 65

New Heavens and New Earth

God answers a rebellious people, distinguishes his servants from the faithless, and promises a new creation of joy where he answers before they call.

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Chapter 66

All Flesh Shall Worship

God looks to the humble and contrite, gathers all nations to see his glory, and establishes a new creation that endures forever.

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Scripture quotations are from the World English Bible (WEB), which is in the public domain.