Jeremiah 27: The Yoke of Submission
Wearing a wooden yoke, Jeremiah tells the nations and Judah that surrender to Babylon, not rebellion, is the path of life under God's sovereign hand.
Jeremiah 27 (WEB)
1 In the beginning of the reign of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, came this word to Jeremiah from Yahweh, saying,
2 Thus says Yahweh to me: Make bonds and bars, and put them on your neck;
3 and send them to the king of Edom, and to the king of Moab, and to the king of the children of Ammon, and to the king of Tyre, and to the king of Sidon, by the hand of the messengers who come to Jerusalem to Zedekiah king of Judah;
4 and give them a command to their masters, saying, Thus says Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, You shall tell your masters:
5 I have made the earth, the men and the animals that are on the surface of the earth, by my great power and by my outstretched arm; and I give it to whom it seems right to me.
6 Now have I given all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, my servant; and the animals of the field also have I given him to serve him.
7 All the nations shall serve him, and his son, and his son’s son, until the time of his own land come: and then many nations and great kings shall make him their bondservant.
8 It shall happen, that the nation and the kingdom which will not serve the same Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and that will not put their neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon, that nation will I punish, says Yahweh, with the sword, and with the famine, and with the pestilence, until I have consumed them by his hand.
9 But as for you, don’t you listen to your prophets, nor to your diviners, nor to your dreams, nor to your soothsayers, nor to your sorcerers, who speak to you, saying, You shall not serve the king of Babylon:
10 for they prophesy a lie to you, to remove you far from your land, and that I should drive you out, and you should perish.
11 But the nation that shall bring their neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon, and serve him, that nation will I let remain in their own land, says Yahweh; and they shall till it, and dwell therein.
12 I spoke to Zedekiah king of Judah according to all these words, saying, Bring your necks under the yoke of the king of Babylon, and serve him and his people, and live.
13 Why will you die, you and your people, by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence, as Yahweh has spoken concerning the nation that will not serve the king of Babylon?
14 Don’t listen to the words of the prophets who speak to you, saying, You shall not serve the king of Babylon; for they prophesy a lie to you.
15 For I have not sent them, says Yahweh, but they prophesy falsely in my name; that I may drive you out, and that you may perish, you, and the prophets who prophesy to you.
16 Also I spoke to the priests and to all this people, saying, Thus says Yahweh: Don’t listen to the words of your prophets who prophesy to you, saying, Behold, the vessels of Yahweh’s house shall now shortly be brought again from Babylon; for they prophesy a lie to you.
17 Don’t listen to them; serve the king of Babylon, and live: why should this city become a desolation?
18 But if they be prophets, and if Yahweh’s word be with them, let them now make intercession to Yahweh of Armies, that the vessels which are left in Yahweh’s house, and in the house of the king of Judah, and at Jerusalem, don’t go to Babylon.
19 For thus says Yahweh of Armies concerning the pillars, and concerning the sea, and concerning the bases, and concerning the residue of the vessels that are left in this city,
20 which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon didn’t take, when he carried away captive Jeconiah the son of Jehoiakim, king of Judah, from Jerusalem to Babylon, and all the nobles of Judah and Jerusalem;
21 yes, thus says Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, concerning the vessels that are left in Yahweh’s house, and in the house of the king of Judah, and at Jerusalem:
22 They shall be carried to Babylon, and there shall they be, until the day that I visit them, says Yahweh; then I will bring them up, and restore them to this place.
Jeremiah 27 (KJV)
1 In the beginning of the reign of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah came this word unto Jeremiah from the Lord, saying,
2 Thus saith the Lord to me; Make thee bonds and yokes, and put them upon thy neck,
3 And send them to the king of Edom, and to the king of Moab, and to the king of the Ammonites, and to the king of Tyrus, and to the king of Zidon, by the hand of the messengers which come to Jerusalem unto Zedekiah king of Judah;
4 And command them to say unto their masters, Thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel; Thus shall ye say unto your masters;
5 I have made the earth, the man and the beast that are upon the ground, by my great power and by my outstretched arm, and have given it unto whom it seemed meet unto me.
6 And now have I given all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, my servant; and the beasts of the field have I given him also to serve him.
7 And all nations shall serve him, and his son, and his son’s son, until the very time of his land come: and then many nations and great kings shall serve themselves of him.
8 And it shall come to pass, that the nation and kingdom which will not serve the same Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, and that will not put their neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon, that nation will I punish, saith the Lord, with the sword, and with the famine, and with the pestilence, until I have consumed them by his hand.
9 Therefore hearken not ye to your prophets, nor to your diviners, nor to your dreamers, nor to your enchanters, nor to your sorcerers, which speak unto you, saying, Ye shall not serve the king of Babylon:
10 For they prophesy a lie unto you, to remove you far from your land; and that I should drive you out, and ye should perish.
11 But the nations that bring their neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon, and serve him, those will I let remain still in their own land, saith the Lord; and they shall till it, and dwell therein.
12 I spake also to Zedekiah king of Judah according to all these words, saying, Bring your necks under the yoke of the king of Babylon, and serve him and his people, and live.
13 Why will ye die, thou and thy people, by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence, as the Lord hath spoken against the nation that will not serve the king of Babylon?
14 Therefore hearken not unto the words of the prophets that speak unto you, saying, Ye shall not serve the king of Babylon: for they prophesy a lie unto you.
15 For I have not sent them, saith the Lord, yet they prophesy a lie in my name; that I might drive you out, and that ye might perish, ye, and the prophets that prophesy unto you.
16 Also I spake to the priests and to all this people, saying, Thus saith the Lord; Hearken not to the words of your prophets that prophesy unto you, saying, Behold, the vessels of the Lord’s house shall now shortly be brought again from Babylon: for they prophesy a lie unto you.
17 Hearken not unto them; serve the king of Babylon, and live: wherefore should this city be laid waste?
18 But if they be prophets, and if the word of the Lord be with them, let them now make intercession to the Lord of hosts, that the vessels which are left in the house of the Lord, and in the house of the king of Judah, and at Jerusalem, go not to Babylon.
19 For thus saith the Lord of hosts concerning the pillars, and concerning the sea, and concerning the bases, and concerning the residue of the vessels that remain in this city,
20 Which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon took not, when he carried away captive Jeconiah the son of Jehoiakim king of Judah from Jerusalem to Babylon, and all the nobles of Judah and Jerusalem;
21 Yea, thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, concerning the vessels that remain in the house of the Lord, and in the house of the king of Judah and of Jerusalem;
22 They shall be carried to Babylon, and there shall they be until the day that I visit them, saith the Lord; then will I bring them up, and restore them to this place.
Jeremiah 27 (ASV)
1 In the beginning of the reign of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, came this word unto Jeremiah from Jehovah, saying,
2 Thus saith Jehovah to me: Make thee bonds and bars, and put them upon thy neck;
3 and send them to the king of Edom, and to the king of Moab, and to the king of the children of Ammon, and to the king of Tyre, and to the king of Sidon, by the hand of the messengers that come to Jerusalem unto Zedekiah king of Judah:
4 and give them a charge unto their masters, saying, Thus saith Jehovah of hosts, the God of Israel, Thus shall ye say unto your masters:
5 I have made the earth, the men and the beasts that are upon the face of the earth, by my great power and by my outstretched arm; and I give it unto whom it seemeth right unto me.
6 And now have I given all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, my servant; and the beasts of the field also have I given him to serve him.
7 And all the nations shall serve him, and his son, and his son’s son, until the time of his own land come: and then many nations and great kings shall make him their bondman.
8 And it shall come to pass, that the nation and the kingdom which will not serve the same Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and that will not put their neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon, that nation will I punish, saith Jehovah, with the sword, and with the famine, and with the pestilence, until I have consumed them by his hand.
9 But as for you, hearken ye not to your prophets, nor to your diviners, nor to your dreams, nor to your soothsayers, nor to your sorcerers, that speak unto you, saying, Ye shall not serve the king of Babylon:
10 for they prophesy a lie unto you, to remove you far from your land, and that I should drive you out, and ye should perish.
11 But the nation that shall bring their neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon, and serve him, that nation will I let remain in their own land, saith Jehovah; and they shall till it, and dwell therein.
12 And I spake to Zedekiah king of Judah according to all these words, saying, Bring your necks under the yoke of the king of Babylon, and serve him and his people, and live.
13 Why will ye die, thou and thy people, by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence, as Jehovah hath spoken concerning the nation that will not serve the king of Babylon?
14 And hearken not unto the words of the prophets that speak unto you, saying, Ye shall not serve the king of Babylon; for they prophesy a lie unto you.
15 For I have not sent them, saith Jehovah, but they prophesy falsely in my name; that I may drive you out, and that ye may perish, ye, and the prophets that prophesy unto you.
16 Also I spake to the priests and to all this people, saying, Thus saith Jehovah: Hearken not to the words of your prophets that prophesy unto you, saying, Behold, the vessels of Jehovah’s house shall now shortly be brought again from Babylon; for they prophesy a lie unto you.
17 Hearken not unto them; serve the king of Babylon, and live: wherefore should this city become a desolation?
18 But if they be prophets, and if the word of Jehovah be with them, let them now make intercession to Jehovah of hosts, that the vessels which are left in the house of Jehovah, and in the house of the king of Judah, and at Jerusalem, go not to Babylon.
19 For thus saith Jehovah of hosts concerning the pillars, and concerning the sea, and concerning the bases, and concerning the residue of the vessels that are left in this city,
20 which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon took not, when he carried away captive Jeconiah the son of Jehoiakim, king of Judah, from Jerusalem to Babylon, and all the nobles of Judah and Jerusalem;
21 yea, thus saith Jehovah of hosts, the God of Israel, concerning the vessels that are left in the house of Jehovah, and in the house of the king of Judah, and at Jerusalem:
22 They shall be carried to Babylon, and there shall they be, until the day that I visit them, saith Jehovah; then will I bring them up, and restore them to this place.
Summary
At God's command Jeremiah makes a yoke of bonds and bars and puts it on his own neck as a living parable. He sends word to the envoys of Edom, Moab, Ammon, Tyre, and Sidon who have come to Jerusalem, telling their kings that Yahweh, the Maker of the earth, gives it to whomever he chooses, and that he has now handed all these lands to Nebuchadnezzar, his servant. Any nation that refuses to bend its neck to Babylon's yoke will be punished with sword, famine, and pestilence, but the nation that submits will be left to live on its own soil. Jeremiah presses the same message on Zedekiah king of Judah: do not listen to the prophets, diviners, and dreamers who promise that you will not serve Babylon, for they prophesy a lie. He warns the priests and the people not to believe the cheerful claim that the temple vessels already taken will soon be brought back. On the contrary, the vessels that remain will also go to Babylon and stay there until the day God himself chooses to restore them. Under God's mysterious providence, the painful path of submission is the only road that leads to life.
Main Characters
- Jeremiah — The prophet who wears a wooden yoke as a sign, calling kings, priests, and people to submit to Babylon as God's appointed discipline.
- Yahweh (the LORD) — The Maker of earth and its creatures who gives the lands to whom he wills and has handed them, for a time, into Nebuchadnezzar's power.
- Nebuchadnezzar — The king of Babylon whom God astonishingly calls "my servant," the instrument of his discipline over the nations and over Judah.
- Zedekiah — The king of Judah whom Jeremiah urges to serve Babylon and live, rather than trust the false prophets who promise quick deliverance.
Key Verse
Jeremiah 27:5 (WEB)
I have made the earth, the men and the animals that are on the surface of the earth, by my great power and by my outstretched arm; and I give it to whom it seems right to me.
Lessons Learned
- God rules over the rise and fall of nations, even handing power to a pagan king for his purposes.
- Sometimes the hardest path of submission is the very road God uses to preserve our lives.
- False prophets comfort us with what we want to hear, while God's word tells us the truth we need.
- Trusting God's sovereignty frees us to obey even when his providence is painful and humbling.
- God owns and rules the earth. "I have made the earth… and I give it to whom it seems right to me" (Jeremiah 27:5, WEB). The nations rise and fall at his word.
- God can use even pagan powers. Nebuchadnezzar is called "my servant" (Jeremiah 27:6, WEB). God bends the will of empires to accomplish his discipline and his mercy.
- Submission can be the way of life. "The nation that shall bring their neck under the yoke… that nation will I let remain in their own land" (Jeremiah 27:11, WEB).
- False comfort is a deadly lie. Jeremiah warns, "they prophesy a lie to you" (Jeremiah 27:16, WEB). Words that flatter our hopes but contradict God cannot save us.
- Why does God have Jeremiah wear an actual yoke rather than simply speak the message?
- What does it mean that God calls Nebuchadnezzar, a pagan conqueror, "my servant" (27:6)?
- How do the false prophets' promises differ from Jeremiah's message, and why are they so appealing?
- Why would submitting to Babylon be the path of life rather than defeat?
- Where in your own life is God calling you to a humbling submission you would rather resist?
- The yoke is an enacted parable: Jeremiah carries on his own body the burden he calls the nations to accept (27:2). Object lessons make the word vivid and unforgettable, and they show that the prophet bears the weight of what he proclaims.
- It is startling, but the title shows that even an idolatrous empire serves God's larger purpose (27:6). God is not a tribal deity but the Lord of all history, free to use whom he wills to discipline his people for a season.
- The false prophets promise quick relief and the swift return of the temple vessels (27:16), telling people what they long to hear. Jeremiah's word is harder but true. Help the group see how flattery that contradicts God's word is never kindness.
- Resistance would bring sword, famine, and pestilence, while submission would let the people remain on their land (27:8, 11). God's discipline was not the end of his people; humble acceptance of it was the road to survival and eventual restoration.
- This is a personal-application question. Invite members to name, gently, an area where pride or fear makes them resist God's leading, and to consider that yielding to him may be the very path to life. Keep the tone hopeful and unhurried.