2 Corinthians 1: The God of All Comfort
Paul blesses the God who comforts us in affliction so we can comfort others, and grounds his integrity in the faithfulness of God.
2 Corinthians 1 (WEB)
1 Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God, and Timothy our brother, to the assembly of God which is at Corinth, with all the saints who are in the whole of Achaia:
2 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies and God of all comfort;
4 who comforts us in all our affliction, that we may be able to comfort those who are in any affliction, through the comfort with which we ourselves are comforted by God.
5 For as the sufferings of Christ abound to us, even so our comfort also abounds through Christ.
6 But if we are afflicted, it is for your comfort and salvation. If we are comforted, it is for your comfort, which produces in you the patient enduring of the same sufferings which we also suffer.
7 Our hope for you is steadfast, knowing that, since you are partakers of the sufferings, so also are you of the comfort.
8 For we don’t desire to have you uninformed, brothers, concerning our affliction which happened to us in Asia, that we were weighed down exceedingly, beyond our power, so much that we despaired even of life.
9 Yes, we ourselves have had the sentence of death within ourselves, that we should not trust in ourselves, but in God who raises the dead,
10 who delivered us out of so great a death, and does deliver; on whom we have set our hope that he will also still deliver us;
11 you also helping together on our behalf by your supplication; that, for the gift bestowed on us by means of many, thanks may be given by many persons on your behalf.
12 For our boasting is this: the testimony of our conscience, that in holiness and sincerity of God, not in fleshly wisdom but in the grace of God we behaved ourselves in the world, and more abundantly toward you.
13 For we write no other things to you, than what you read or even acknowledge, and I hope you will acknowledge to the end;
14 as also you acknowledged us in part, that we are your boasting, even as you also are ours, in the day of our Lord Jesus.
15 In this confidence, I was determined to come first to you, that you might have a second benefit;
16 and by you to pass into Macedonia, and again from Macedonia to come to you, and to be sent forward by you on my journey to Judea.
17 When I therefore was thus determined, did I show fickleness? Or the things that I purpose, do I purpose according to the flesh, that with me there should be the “Yes, yes” and the “No, no?”
18 But as God is faithful, our word toward you was not “Yes and no.”
19 For the Son of God, Jesus Christ, who was preached among you by us, by me, Silvanus, and Timothy, was not “Yes and no,” but in him is “Yes.”
20 For however many are the promises of God, in him is the “Yes.” Therefore also through him is the “Amen”, to the glory of God through us.
21 Now he who establishes us with you in Christ, and anointed us, is God;
22 who also sealed us, and gave us the down payment of the Spirit in our hearts.
23 But I call God for a witness to my soul, that I didn’t come to Corinth to spare you.
24 Not that we control your faith, but are fellow workers with you for your joy. For you stand firm in faith.
2 Corinthians 1 (KJV)
1 Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, and Timothy our brother, unto the church of God which is at Corinth, with all the saints which are in all Achaia:
2 Grace be to you and peace from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ.
3 Blessed be God, even the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies, and the God of all comfort;
4 Who comforteth us in all our tribulation, that we may be able to comfort them which are in any trouble, by the comfort wherewith we ourselves are comforted of God.
5 For as the sufferings of Christ abound in us, so our consolation also aboundeth by Christ.
6 And whether we be afflicted, it is for your consolation and salvation, which is effectual in the enduring of the same sufferings which we also suffer: or whether we be comforted, it is for your consolation and salvation.
7 And our hope of you is stedfast, knowing, that as ye are partakers of the sufferings, so shall ye be also of the consolation.
8 For we would not, brethren, have you ignorant of our trouble which came to us in Asia, that we were pressed out of measure, above strength, insomuch that we despaired even of life:
9 But we had the sentence of death in ourselves, that we should not trust in ourselves, but in God which raiseth the dead:
10 Who delivered us from so great a death, and doth deliver: in whom we trust that he will yet deliver us;
11 Ye also helping together by prayer for us, that for the gift bestowed upon us by the means of many persons thanks may be given by many on our behalf.
12 For our rejoicing is this, the testimony of our conscience, that in simplicity and godly sincerity, not with fleshly wisdom, but by the grace of God, we have had our conversation in the world, and more abundantly to you-ward.
13 For we write none other things unto you, than what ye read or acknowledge; and I trust ye shall acknowledge even to the end;
14 As also ye have acknowledged us in part, that we are your rejoicing, even as ye also are ours in the day of the Lord Jesus.
15 And in this confidence I was minded to come unto you before, that ye might have a second benefit;
16 And to pass by you into Macedonia, and to come again out of Macedonia unto you, and of you to be brought on my way toward Judea.
17 When I therefore was thus minded, did I use lightness? or the things that I purpose, do I purpose according to the flesh, that with me there should be yea yea, and nay nay?
18 But as God is true, our word toward you was not yea and nay.
19 For the Son of God, Jesus Christ, who was preached among you by us, even by me and Silvanus and Timotheus, was not yea and nay, but in him was yea.
20 For all the promises of God in him are yea, and in him Amen, unto the glory of God by us.
21 Now he which stablisheth us with you in Christ, and hath anointed us, is God;
22 Who hath also sealed us, and given the earnest of the Spirit in our hearts.
23 Moreover I call God for a record upon my soul, that to spare you I came not as yet unto Corinth.
24 Not for that we have dominion over your faith, but are helpers of your joy: for by faith ye stand.
2 Corinthians 1 (ASV)
1 Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God, and Timothy our brother, unto the church of God which is at Corinth, with all the saints that are in the whole of Achaia:
2 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
3 Blessedbethe God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies and God of all comfort;
4 who comforteth us in all our affliction, that we may be able to comfort them that are in any affliction, through the comfort wherewith we ourselves are comforted of God.
5 For as the sufferings of Christ abound unto us, even so our comfort also aboundeth through Christ.
6 But whether we are afflicted, it is for your comfort and salvation; or whether we are comforted, it is for your comfort, which worketh in the patient enduring of the same sufferings which we also suffer:
7 and our hope for you is stedfast; knowing that, as ye are partakers of the sufferings, so also are ye of the comfort.
8 For we would not have you ignorant, brethren, concerning our affliction which befell us in Asia, that we were weighed down exceedingly, beyond our power, insomuch that we despaired even of life:
9 yea, we ourselves have had the sentence of death within ourselves, that we should not trust in ourselves, but in God who raiseth the dead:
10 who delivered us out of so great a death, and will deliver: on whom we have set our hope that he will also still deliver us;
11 ye also helping together on our behalf by your supplication; that, for the gift bestowed upon us by means of many, thanks may be given by many persons on our behalf.
12 For our glorying is this, the testimony of our conscience, that in holiness and sincerity of God, not in fleshly wisdom but in the grace of God, we behaved ourselves in the world, and more abundantly to you-ward.
13 For we write no other things unto you, than what ye read or even acknowledge, and I hope ye will acknowledge unto the end:
14 as also ye did acknowledge us in part, that we are your glorying, even as ye also are ours, in the day of our Lord Jesus.
15 And in this confidence I was minded to come first unto you, that ye might have a second benefit;
16 and by you to pass into Macedonia, and again from Macedonia to come unto you, and of you to be set forward on my journey unto Judæa.
17 When I therefore was thus minded, did I show fickleness? or the things that I purpose, do I purpose according to the flesh, that with me there should be the yea yea and the nay nay?
18 But as God is faithful, our word toward you is not yea and nay.
19 For the Son of God, Jesus Christ, who was preached among you by us, even by me and Silvanus and Timothy, was not yea and nay, but in him is yea.
20 For how many soever be the promises of God, in him is the yea: wherefore also through him is the Amen, unto the glory of God through us.
21 Now he that establisheth us with you in Christ, and anointed us, is God;
22 who also sealed us, and gave us the earnest of the Spirit in our hearts.
23 But I call God for a witness upon my soul, that to spare you I forbare to come unto Corinth.
24 Not that we have lordship over your faith, but are helpers of your joy: for in faith ye stand fast.
Summary
Paul opens with greetings from himself and Timothy to the church at Corinth and all the saints in Achaia, then bursts into praise of God as the Father of mercies and the God of all comfort. He explains that God comforts us in all our affliction so that we can comfort others with the same comfort we have received, for as the sufferings of Christ overflow to us, so does his comfort. He tells of an affliction in Asia so crushing that he despaired of life itself, yet this taught him to rely not on himself but on the God who raises the dead, and he asks for the church's continued prayers. Paul then turns to defend his sincerity, insisting that his conduct toward them has been marked by holiness and the grace of God, not worldly cunning. Some had accused him of fickleness for changing his travel plans, but he answers that his word, like the word he preached, is not a wavering “Yes and no,” for in Christ all God's promises are “Yes,” sealed by the Spirit God has given as a down payment in our hearts. He explains that he delayed his visit not out of weakness but to spare them, longing to be a fellow worker for their joy rather than a lord over their faith.
Main Characters
- Paul — The apostle who praises God for comfort in deadly affliction and defends the sincerity of his ministry and the constancy of his word.
- God the Father — The Father of mercies and God of all comfort, faithful and reliable, who raises the dead and in whom every promise finds its Yes.
- Christ Jesus — The Son of God preached by Paul, in whom all God's promises are confirmed, the one through whom comfort overflows to the church.
- Timothy — Paul's brother and co-sender of the letter, named alongside him in greeting the church at Corinth.
Key Verse
2 Corinthians 1:3 (WEB)
Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies and God of all comfort;
Lessons Learned
- God meets us in affliction not by removing it but by comforting us within it.
- The comfort we receive from God is meant to flow through us to others who suffer.
- Severe trials can wean us from self-reliance and teach us to trust the God who raises the dead.
- God's faithfulness, not our reliability, is the firm ground beneath every promise.
- God comforts to make us comforters. He comforts us “that we may be able to comfort those who are in any affliction” (2 Corinthians 1:4, WEB). Mercy received is meant to be passed on.
- Suffering teaches us to trust God. Paul despaired of life so “that we should not trust in ourselves, but in God who raises the dead” (2 Corinthians 1:9, WEB). Extremity drives us to dependence.
- Every promise of God is Yes in Christ. “For however many are the promises of God, in him is the ‘Yes’” (2 Corinthians 1:20, WEB). God's word does not waver.
- The Spirit is God's guarantee. God “sealed us, and gave us the down payment of the Spirit in our hearts” (2 Corinthians 1:22, WEB). The Spirit is the pledge of all that is to come.
- What names and descriptions does Paul give to God in verses 3-4, and what do they reveal about God's heart toward the afflicted?
- How does Paul describe his affliction in Asia, and what does he say God taught him through it?
- Paul was accused of fickleness for changing his plans. How does he answer, and how does he connect his reliability to God's?
- What does it mean that all God's promises are “Yes” in Christ (1:20), and how should that steady us?
- When has God comforted you in a hard season in a way that later equipped you to help someone else?
- Paul calls God “the Father of mercies and God of all comfort” (1:3). These titles reveal a God who is not distant from our pain but is its tender remedy, the source of every mercy and the comfort that reaches into every affliction. He is by nature inclined toward those who suffer.
- Paul's affliction in Asia was so severe that he “despaired even of life” and felt “the sentence of death” within himself (1:8-9). Yet he says it came so that he would stop trusting himself and rely on “God who raises the dead.” God used the crushing weight to deepen his dependence.
- Paul insists his conduct was marked by “holiness and sincerity of God,” not fleshly cunning (1:12), and that his word was not a wavering “Yes and no” (1:18). He grounds his reliability in God's faithfulness and in Christ, in whom every promise is “Yes,” so his integrity rests on God's character, not merely his own.
- It means God always keeps his word; in Christ his promises are confirmed and fulfilled, not left uncertain (1:20). This steadies us because our hope rests not on our performance or feelings but on the unbreakable “Yes” of God sealed by his Spirit. Encourage the group to anchor anxious hearts there.
- This is a personal-application question. Invite members to recall a time God comforted them and how that comfort later overflowed to another. As leader, share gently and highlight that no comfort from God is ever wasted; it is given to be given away.