← All Chapters The Book of John · Chapter 20

John 20: He Is Risen Indeed

On the first day of the week the tomb is found empty, the risen Jesus appears to Mary and the disciples, and doubting Thomas confesses him as Lord and God.

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John 20 (WEB)

1 Now on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene went early, while it was still dark, to the tomb, and saw the stone taken away from the tomb.

2 Therefore she ran and came to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple whom Jesus loved, and said to them, “They have taken away the Lord out of the tomb, and we don’t know where they have laid him!”

3 Therefore Peter and the other disciple went out, and they went toward the tomb.

4 They both ran together. The other disciple outran Peter, and came to the tomb first.

5 Stooping and looking in, he saw the linen cloths lying, yet he didn’t enter in.

6 Then Simon Peter came, following him, and entered into the tomb. He saw the linen cloths lying,

7 and the cloth that had been on his head, not lying with the linen cloths, but rolled up in a place by itself.

8 So then the other disciple who came first to the tomb also entered in, and he saw and believed.

9 For as yet they didn’t know the Scripture, that he must rise from the dead.

10 So the disciples went away again to their own homes.

11 But Mary was standing outside at the tomb weeping. So, as she wept, she stooped and looked into the tomb,

12 and she saw two angels in white sitting, one at the head, and one at the feet, where the body of Jesus had lain.

13 They told her, “Woman, why are you weeping?” She said to them, “Because they have taken away my Lord, and I don’t know where they have laid him.”

14 When she had said this, she turned around and saw Jesus standing, and didn’t know that it was Jesus.

15 Jesus said to her, “Woman, why are you weeping? Who are you looking for?” She, supposing him to be the gardener, said to him, “Sir, if you have carried him away, tell me where you have laid him, and I will take him away.”

16 Jesus said to her, “Mary.” She turned and said to him, “Rabboni!” which is to say, “Teacher!”

17 Jesus said to her, “Don’t hold me, for I haven’t yet ascended to my Father; but go to my brothers, and tell them, ‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.’”

18 Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that he had said these things to her.

19 When therefore it was evening, on that day, the first day of the week, and when the doors were locked where the disciples were assembled, for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood in the middle, and said to them, “Peace be to you.”

20 When he had said this, he showed them his hands and his side. The disciples therefore were glad when they saw the Lord.

21 Jesus therefore said to them again, “Peace be to you. As the Father has sent me, even so I send you.”

22 When he had said this, he breathed on them, and said to them, “Receive the Holy Spirit!

23 If you forgive anyone’s sins, they have been forgiven them. If you retain anyone’s sins, they have been retained.”

24 But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus, wasn’t with them when Jesus came.

25 The other disciples therefore said to him, “We have seen the Lord!” But he said to them, “Unless I see in his hands the print of the nails, put my finger into the print of the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe.”

26 After eight days again his disciples were inside, and Thomas was with them. Jesus came, the doors being locked, and stood in the middle, and said, “Peace be to you.”

27 Then he said to Thomas, “Reach here your finger, and see my hands. Reach here your hand, and put it into my side. Don’t be unbelieving, but believing.”

28 Thomas answered him, “My Lord and my God!”

29 Jesus said to him, “Because you have seen me, you have believed. Blessed are those who have not seen, and have believed.”

30 Therefore Jesus did many other signs in the presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book;

31 but these are written, that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in his name.

Summary

Early on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene comes to the tomb and finds the stone removed. She runs to Peter and the other disciple, who race to the tomb and see the linen cloths lying there, and the beloved disciple believes. Mary lingers weeping, sees two angels, and then the risen Jesus himself, whom she mistakes for the gardener until he speaks her name. She announces to the disciples, 'I have seen the Lord.' That evening Jesus appears among them behind locked doors, shows them his hands and side, gives them peace, breathes the Holy Spirit on them, and sends them as the Father sent him. Thomas, absent, refuses to believe without seeing the wounds. Eight days later Jesus appears again and invites Thomas to touch his hands and side, and Thomas confesses, 'My Lord and my God!' Jesus blesses those who believe without seeing. John explains that these signs are written so that readers may believe and have life in his name.

Main Characters

  • Jesus — The risen Lord who appears to his followers, grants peace, and sends them out in his name.
  • Mary Magdalene — The first to find the empty tomb and to meet the risen Jesus, who calls her by name.
  • Peter — The disciple who runs to the tomb and enters to see the linen cloths lying there.
  • Thomas — The disciple who doubts until he sees Jesus, then confesses him as Lord and God.

Key Verse

John 20:29 (WEB)

Jesus said to him, “Because you have seen me, you have believed. Blessed are those who have not seen, and have believed.”

Lessons Learned

  • The empty tomb and the risen Christ are the heart of the gospel's hope.
  • Jesus knows his own by name and meets them personally in their grief.
  • The risen Lord sends his people out with his peace and his Spirit.
  • Faith that takes Jesus at his word, even without seeing, is especially blessed.
  • The tomb is empty because Jesus is risen. Mary 'saw the stone taken away from the tomb' (John 20:1, WEB), and the disciples found only the linen cloths lying there (20:6-7).
  • The risen Jesus calls his own by name. Jesus says to the weeping Mary, 'Mary.' She turned and said to him, 'Rabboni!' which is to say, 'Teacher!' (John 20:16, WEB).
  • Jesus gives peace and commissions his disciples. He says, 'Peace be to you. As the Father has sent me, even so I send you,' and breathes on them the Holy Spirit (John 20:21-22, WEB).
  • Faith without sight is blessed by Jesus. Jesus tells Thomas, 'Blessed are those who have not seen, and have believed' (John 20:29, WEB).
  • The Gospel is written so we may believe and live. John writes 'that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ... and that believing you may have life in his name' (John 20:31, WEB).
  1. What do Mary and the disciples discover at the tomb, and how do they respond?
  2. How does the risen Jesus reveal himself to Mary Magdalene, and why is that moment so personal?
  3. What does Jesus give his disciples when he appears to them in the locked room?
  4. How does Jesus respond to Thomas's doubt, and what does Thomas confess?
  5. Where in your own life do you long to hear the risen Jesus speak peace into your fear or grief?
  1. Mary finds the stone rolled away and runs to tell the disciples, who race to the tomb and see the linen cloths lying there (John 20:1-7). The beloved disciple sees and believes, though they do not yet fully understand the Scripture (20:8-9).
  2. Mary mistakes Jesus for the gardener until he speaks her name, 'Mary,' and she answers, 'Rabboni!' (John 20:16). The risen Lord meets her grief personally, showing that he knows and calls each of his own by name.
  3. Jesus stands among them, shows his wounded hands and side, and twice says, 'Peace be to you' (John 20:19-21). He commissions them as the Father sent him and breathes the Holy Spirit on them, equipping them for the mission ahead.
  4. Jesus invites Thomas to put his finger in the nail marks and his hand in his side, meeting the very doubt Thomas voiced (John 20:27). Thomas responds with the great confession, 'My Lord and my God!' (20:28), and Jesus blesses those who believe unseen.
  5. This is a personal application question. Invite members to bring their fears and griefs into the light of the resurrection and to listen for Jesus' peace. As leader, encourage honest sharing and avoid pressing anyone to share more than they wish.

Scripture quotations are from the World English Bible (WEB), the King James Version (KJV), and the American Standard Version (ASV), all of which are in the public domain.