2 Kings 25: The City Burns, Yet Hope Remains
Jerusalem falls, the temple is burned, and the people are exiled; yet the book ends with a freed king and a flicker of hope.
2 Kings 25 (WEB)
1 In the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it around it.
2 So the city was besieged to the eleventh year of king Zedekiah.
3 On the ninth day of the fourth month the famine was severe in the city, so that there was no bread for the people of the land.
4 Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king’s garden (now the Chaldeans were against the city around it); and the king went by the way of the Arabah.
5 But the army of the Chaldeans pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho; and all his army was scattered from him.
6 Then they took the king, and carried him up to the king of Babylon to Riblah; and they gave judgment on him.
7 They killed the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and put out the eyes of Zedekiah, and bound him in fetters, and carried him to Babylon.
8 Now in the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month, which was the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, to Jerusalem.
9 He burnt Yahweh’s house, and the king’s house; and all the houses of Jerusalem, even every great house, burnt he with fire.
10 All the army of the Chaldeans, who were with the captain of the guard, broke down the walls around Jerusalem.
11 Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive the residue of the people who were left in the city, and those who fell away, who fell to the king of Babylon, and the residue of the multitude.
12 But the captain of the guard left some of the poorest of the land to work the vineyards and fields.
13 The Chaldeans broke up the pillars of brass that were in Yahweh’s house and the bases and the bronze sea that were in Yahweh’s house, and carried the brass pieces to Babylon.
14 They took away the pots, the shovels, the snuffers, the spoons, and all the vessels of brass with which they ministered.
15 The captain of the guard took away the fire pans, the basins, that which was of gold, in gold, and that which was of silver, in silver.
16 The two pillars, the one sea, and the bases, which Solomon had made for Yahweh’s house, the brass of all these vessels was without weight.
17 The height of the one pillar was eighteen cubits, and a capital of brass was on it; and the height of the capital was three cubits, with network and pomegranates on the capital around it, all of brass: and like to these had the second pillar with network.
18 The captain of the guard took Seraiah the chief priest, and Zephaniah the second priest, and the three keepers of the threshold:
19 and out of the city he took an officer who was set over the men of war; and five men of those who saw the king’s face, who were found in the city; and the scribe, the captain of the army, who mustered the people of the land; and sixty men of the people of the land, who were found in the city.
20 Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard took them, and brought them to the king of Babylon to Riblah.
21 The king of Babylon struck them, and put them to death at Riblah in the land of Hamath. So Judah was carried away captive out of his land.
22 As for the people who were left in the land of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon had left, even over them he made Gedaliah the son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, governor.
23 Now when all the captains of the forces, they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah governor, they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan the son of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah the son of the Maacathite, they and their men.
24 Gedaliah swore to them and to their men, and said to them, “Don’t be afraid because of the servants of the Chaldeans. Dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you.”
25 But in the seventh month, Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the royal seed came, and ten men with him, and struck Gedaliah, so that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldeans that were with him at Mizpah.
26 All the people, both small and great, and the captains of the forces, arose, and came to Egypt; for they were afraid of the Chaldeans.
27 In the thirty-seventh year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, Evilmerodach king of Babylon, in the year that he began to reign, lifted up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah out of prison;
28 and he spoke kindly to him, and set his throne above the throne of the kings who were with him in Babylon,
29 and changed his prison garments. Jehoiachin ate bread before him continually all the days of his life:
30 and for his allowance, there was a continual allowance given him of the king, every day a portion, all the days of his life.
2 Kings 25 (KJV)
1 And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he, and all his host, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it; and they built forts against it round about.
2 And the city was besieged unto the eleventh year of king Zedekiah.
3 And on the ninth day of the fourth month the famine prevailed in the city, and there was no bread for the people of the land.
4 And the city was broken up, and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between two walls, which is by the king’s garden: (now the Chaldees were against the city round about:) and the king went the way toward the plain.
5 And the army of the Chaldees pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho: and all his army were scattered from him.
6 So they took the king, and brought him up to the king of Babylon to Riblah; and they gave judgment upon him.
7 And they slew the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and put out the eyes of Zedekiah, and bound him with fetters of brass, and carried him to Babylon.
8 And in the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month, which is the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, came Nebuzar–adan, captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, unto Jerusalem:
9 And he burnt the house of the Lord, and the king’s house, and all the houses of Jerusalem, and every great man’s house burnt he with fire.
10 And all the army of the Chaldees, that were with the captain of the guard, brake down the walls of Jerusalem round about.
11 Now the rest of the people that were left in the city, and the fugitives that fell away to the king of Babylon, with the remnant of the multitude, did Nebuzar–adan the captain of the guard carry away.
12 But the captain of the guard left of the poor of the land to be vinedressers and husbandmen.
13 And the pillars of brass that were in the house of the Lord, and the bases, and the brasen sea that was in the house of the Lord, did the Chaldees break in pieces, and carried the brass of them to Babylon.
14 And the pots, and the shovels, and the snuffers, and the spoons, and all the vessels of brass wherewith they ministered, took they away.
15 And the firepans, and the bowls, and such things as were of gold, in gold, and of silver, in silver, the captain of the guard took away.
16 The two pillars, one sea, and the bases which Solomon had made for the house of the Lord; the brass of all these vessels was without weight.
17 The height of the one pillar was eighteen cubits, and the chapiter upon it was brass: and the height of the chapiter three cubits; and the wreathen work, and pomegranates upon the chapiter round about, all of brass: and like unto these had the second pillar with wreathen work.
18 And the captain of the guard took Seraiah the chief priest, and Zephaniah the second priest, and the three keepers of the door:
19 And out of the city he took an officer that was set over the men of war, and five men of them that were in the king’s presence, which were found in the city, and the principal scribe of the host, which mustered the people of the land, and threescore men of the people of the land that were found in the city:
20 And Nebuzar–adan captain of the guard took these, and brought them to the king of Babylon to Riblah:
21 And the king of Babylon smote them, and slew them at Riblah in the land of Hamath. So Judah was carried away out of their land.
22 And as for the people that remained in the land of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon had left, even over them he made Gedaliah the son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, ruler.
23 And when all the captains of the armies, they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah governor, there came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan the son of Careah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah the son of a Maachathite, they and their men.
24 And Gedaliah sware to them, and to their men, and said unto them, Fear not to be the servants of the Chaldees: dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon; and it shall be well with you.
25 But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldees that were with him at Mizpah.
26 And all the people, both small and great, and the captains of the armies, arose, and came to Egypt: for they were afraid of the Chaldees.
27 And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, that Evil–merodach king of Babylon in the year that he began to reign did lift up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah out of prison;
28 And he spake kindly to him, and set his throne above the throne of the kings that were with him in Babylon;
29 And changed his prison garments: and he did eat bread continually before him all the days of his life.
30 And his allowance was a continual allowance given him of the king, a daily rate for every day, all the days of his life.
2 Kings 25 (ASV)
1 And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about.
2 So the city was besieged unto the eleventh year of king Zedekiah.
3 On the ninth day of the fourth month the famine was sore in the city, so that there was no bread for the people of the land.
4 Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king’s garden (now the Chaldeans were against the city round about); and the king went by the way of the Arabah.
5 But the army of the Chaldeans pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho; and all his army was scattered from him.
6 Then they took the king, and carried him up unto the king of Babylon to Riblah; and they gave judgment upon him.
7 And they slew the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and put out the eyes of Zedekiah, and bound him in fetters, and carried him to Babylon.
8 Now in the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month, which was the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, unto Jerusalem.
9 And he burnt the house of Jehovah, and the king’s house; and all the houses of Jerusalem, even every great house, burnt he with fire.
10 And all the army of the Chaldeans, that were with the captain of the guard, brake down the walls of Jerusalem round about.
11 And the residue of the people that were left in the city, and those that fell away, that fell to the king of Babylon, and the residue of the multitude, did Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carry away captive.
12 But the captain of the guard left of the poorest of the land to be vinedressers and husbandmen.
13 And the pillars of brass that were in the house of Jehovah, and the bases and the brazen sea that were in the house of Jehovah, did the Chaldeans break in pieces, and carried the brass of them to Babylon.
14 And the pots, and the shovels, and the snuffers, and the spoons, and all the vessels of brass wherewith they ministered, took they away.
15 And the firepans, and the basins, that which was of gold, in gold, and that which was of silver, in silver, the captain of the guard took away.
16 The two pillars, the one sea, and the bases, which Solomon had made for the house of Jehovah, the brass of all these vessels was without weight.
17 The height of the one pillar was eighteen cubits, and a capital of brass was upon it; and the height of the capital was three cubits, with network and pomegranates upon the capital round about, all of brass: and like unto these had the second pillar with network.
18 And the captain of the guard took Seraiah the chief priest, and Zephaniah the second priest, and the three keepers of the threshold:
19 and out of the city he took an officer that was set over the men of war; and five men of them that saw the king’s face, who were found in the city; and the scribe, the captain of the host, who mustered the people of the land; and threescore men of the people of the land, that were found in the city.
20 And Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard took them, and brought them to the king of Babylon to Riblah.
21 And the king of Babylon smote them, and put them to death at Riblah in the land of Hamath. So Judah was carried away captive out of his land.
22 And as for the people that were left in the land of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon had left, even over them he made Gedaliah the son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, governor.
23 Now when all the captains of the forces, they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah governor, they came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan the son of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah the son of the Maacathite, they and their men.
24 And Gedaliah sware to them and to their men, and said unto them, Fear not because of the servants of the Chaldeans: dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you.
25 But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, so that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldeans that were with him at Mizpah.
26 And all the people, both small and great, and the captains of the forces, arose, and came to Egypt; for they were afraid of the Chaldeans.
27 And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, that Evil-merodach king of Babylon, in the year that he began to reign, did lift up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah out of prison;
28 and he spake kindly to him, and set his throne above the throne of the kings that were with him in Babylon,
29 and changed his prison garments. And Jehoiachin did eat bread before him continually all the days of his life:
30 and for his allowance, there was a continual allowance given him of the king, every day a portion, all the days of his life.
Summary
Nebuchadnezzar lays siege to Jerusalem in Zedekiah's ninth year, and the city holds out until famine becomes severe. When the wall is breached, Zedekiah flees but is captured in the plains of Jericho; his sons are killed before his eyes, his own eyes are put out, and he is bound and carried to Babylon. Nebuzaradan, captain of the guard, then burns the house of the Lord, the king's house, and all Jerusalem, breaks down the walls, and carries away the remaining people, leaving only the poorest to tend the fields. The bronze pillars and furnishings of the temple are broken up and carried off, and the leading priests and officials are executed at Riblah, so Judah is taken captive out of its land. Gedaliah is made governor over those who remain, but he is assassinated by Ishmael, and the frightened survivors flee to Egypt. The book closes years later with a quiet glimmer of grace: Evil-merodach of Babylon releases Jehoiachin from prison, speaks kindly to him, sets his throne above the other kings, and provides for him all his days. Judgment has fallen, yet the line of David survives, and hope is not extinguished.
Main Characters
- Zedekiah — The last king of Judah, captured fleeing Jerusalem; his sons are slain before him, his eyes put out, and he is carried in chains to Babylon.
- Nebuzaradan — Captain of Babylon's guard who burns the temple and the city, breaks down the walls, and carries the people into exile.
- Gedaliah — The governor appointed over the remnant left in Judah, who urges them to serve Babylon but is assassinated by Ishmael.
- Jehoiachin — The exiled king of Judah, freed from prison by Evil-merodach, honored at the Babylonian table—a flicker of hope for David's line.
Key Verse
2 Kings 25:27 (WEB)
In the thirty-seventh year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, Evilmerodach king of Babylon, in the year that he began to reign, lifted up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah out of prison;
Lessons Learned
- The long-warned judgment finally falls; God's patience does not mean his warnings are empty.
- Sin's full consequences are devastating—the loss of city, temple, land, and freedom.
- Even in the ashes of judgment, God preserves a remnant and keeps his promises alive.
- The unexpected kindness shown to Jehoiachin keeps the lamp of David's line burning toward the Messiah.
- Judgment delayed is not judgment denied. After generations of warning, “Judah was carried away captive out of his land” (2 Kings 25:21, WEB); the Lord's word came true.
- Sin can cost us what is most precious. Nebuzaradan “burnt Yahweh’s house” (2 Kings 25:9, WEB); the temple itself was lost to a people who had defiled it.
- God preserves a remnant through judgment. Some of “the poorest of the land” were left (2 Kings 25:12, WEB); the Lord did not leave the land wholly empty.
- Grace flickers even in exile. Evil-merodach “lifted up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah out of prison” (2 Kings 25:27, WEB), keeping David's line and hope alive.
- How does the fall of Jerusalem fulfill the warnings given throughout 2 Kings?
- What is the significance of the temple being burned and its furnishings carried away?
- Why does the writer mention the remnant left behind and the flight of survivors to Egypt?
- Why might the book end with Jehoiachin's release rather than with the destruction itself?
- When you face the consequences of failure, where can you look for hope, and how does Jehoiachin's release encourage you?
- The siege, breach, burning, and exile fulfill the repeated warnings from the prophets and the words spoken to Hezekiah and through Huldah (25:1-21). The catastrophe is the covenant judgment long foretold, proving God's word reliable even in its severity.
- The temple was the place of God's name and presence; its burning marks the apparent end of Judah's worship and identity (25:9). Yet the loss also exposes how the people had already abandoned the God who dwelt there.
- Noting the poor left to tend the land and the survivors fleeing to Egypt shows the land is not utterly emptied and the story is not finished (25:12, 26). God preserves a remnant, the seedbed of future restoration.
- Ending with Jehoiachin freed and honored leaves the reader with hope rather than despair (25:27-30). David's line survives in exile, a quiet sign that God's promise endures and points forward to the King who would come from that line.
- This is a personal-application question. Invite members to bring their failures honestly to God and to find hope in his faithfulness to preserve and restore. As leader, point to Christ, the son of David in whom every flicker of this hope is fulfilled, and keep the tone gentle and assured.